Summer is Coming: How to Manage Photosensitivity

Photosensitivity, or increased sensitivity to sunlight, is a common and distressing symptom for people with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), or lupus. As summer approaches and UV exposure increases, individuals with lupus face higher risks, from skin rashes and blistering to severe systemic flares. Understanding the causes, recognizing the symptoms, and implementing smart protection strategies are key to staying safe and enjoying the sunshine.

*Disclaimer:

The information provided in this article is for general informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. It should not be used as a substitute for professional diagnosis, treatment, or advice from a qualified healthcare provider. Reliance on any information provided in this article is solely at your own risk.

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Photosensitivity is an exaggerated skin response to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Certain medications, skin care products, or underlying health conditions, including lupus, can trigger photosensitivity. One of the most clear signs of photosensitivity in lupus is the butterfly rash, a red rash that spreads across the cheeks and nose after UV exposure.

Types of Photosensitivity in Lupus

• Acute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (ACLE): Most commonly presents as a butterfly-shaped rash across the cheeks and nose. It usually occurs shortly after sun exposure and fades within a few weeks, typically without scarring.

• Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE): Characterized by disk-shaped lesions on sun-exposed areas like the scalp, face, and ears. These lesions heal slowly and may leave scars or pigment changes.

• Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (SCLE): SCLE presents as scaly red patches or rings, often mistaken for psoriasis. It’s frequently found on the upper body and can flare up again with sun exposure

• Non-Specific Skin Eruptions: These include general rashes, itchiness, and burning sensations without any visible lesions, making them harder to diagnose but no less uncomfortable.

• Systemic Flares: Exposure to UV light can do more than affect the skin. It can lead to widespread inflammation, causing fatigue, fever, joint pain, and even organ involvement (damage to one or more organs).

Summer months bring longer days and more intense sunlight, increasing exposure to UVA and UVB rays. These rays can penetrate clothing, reflect off water and sand, and trigger immune responses in people with lupus. Studies show that up to 60% of people with lupus experience photosensitive reactions. Additionally, many common medications, such as antibiotics, diuretics, or NSAIDs, can increase UV sensitivity, intensifying skin reactions.

• Use Broad-Spectrum Sunscreen: Apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen (SPF 50+) that protects against UVA and UVB rays. Look for zinc oxide or titanium dioxide for physical sun protection. Reapply every 2 hours or after swimming or sweating.

• Wear Protective Clothing: Opt for long-sleeved shirts, wide-brimmed hats, and UV-blocking sunglasses. Consider UV-protective clothing made with tightly woven fabric.

• Seek Shade & Avoid Peak Sun: The sun’s rays are strongest between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. Plan outdoor activities for earlier or later, and use umbrellas or canopies when outside.

• Use Window Film: Install UV-protective window film on cars and at home to block rays that penetrate through glass.

• Stay Informed: Check the UV index daily via weather apps to know when exposure risk is high.

• Track Your Symptoms: Maintain a photo and symptom diary to help identify patterns and triggers, helpful for both self-awareness and medical consultations. Us Against Lupus is developing an app, LupusLink, that will help lupus patients track symptoms at the tap of a finger.

Photosensitivity is a serious but manageable symptom of lupus. With the right strategies: sunscreen, protective clothing, and lifestyle adaptations, you can protect your skin and overall health. Awareness and preparation are key to embracing summer without fear. By prioritizing UV safety and seeking help when necessary, you can stay healthy, social, and empowered all season long.

Photosensitivity | Lupus Australia

Photosensitivity & Your Skin | Skin Cancer Foundation

Research on photosensitivity among people with lupus | Lupus Foundation of America

Tips for managing sensitivity to light | Lupus Foundation of America